CASE
Case – A case is a
word that shows the relation of noun or pronoun to some other words.
There are four kinds of case –
a)
Nominative case or subjective
case
b)
Objective case
c)
Possessive case of genitive
case
d)
Vocative case or case of
address
Nominative case – When a noun is used
as the subject of a verb it is said to be nominative case.
e.g.
–
Ram
helps me.
Mohan
scolded her.
Objective case –
When a noun is used as the object of a verb it is said to be objective case.
e.g.
–
Divya
helps Sweta.
Raju
scolded Sonu.
Possessive case –
The case which denotes possession or ownership is called possessive case.
e.g.
–
Tricky concept
of possessive case –
•
A’s B
e.g. –
Mohan’s brother
Yugant’s tutor
•
A’ B
e.g. –
Boys’ school
Girls’
school
•
B of A
e.g. –
the capital of Bihar
the farmer of India
•
A B’s C
e.g. –
Mohan and Sohan’s house
Megha and Sita’s hostel
•
C of A B’s
e.g. –
the house of Mohan and Sohan’s
the school of Megha and Sonam’s
•
B’s B’s C
e.g. –
brother’s and sister’s house
girl’s and boy’s school
•
A B
e.g. –
rainy’s season (û)
rainy season (ü)
summer’s vacation (û)
summer vacation (ü)
•
A’s B’s C
e.g. –
Mohan’s and Sohan’s house
Megha’s and Sonam’s school
Formation of the
possessive case –
Ø
If the noun is used in singular
form then it takes apostrophe and s.
e.g. –
This is Yugant’s house.
The girl’s mother is a doctor.
Ø
If the noun is used in plural
form then it takes only the apostrophe.
e.g. –
The girls’ parents have arrived.
The students’ hostel is far from
here.
Ø
When a plural noun does not
take s then used apostrophe and s.
e.g. –
This is a shop of children’s
wear.
This is two men’s job.
I live in the women’s hostel.
Ø
It is not usually use the
apostrophe with non-living things.
e.g. –
The gate of the house is big.
The cap of the pen is missing.
The leg of the table is broken.
Rule of framing Possessive Case –
There
are following rules of framing Possessive Case –
1.
(a) By using apostrophe s (‘s)
(a)
By using ‘of’
By using apostrophe
s (‘s) – Apostrophe s is used only for living
things it is not used for non-living things.
e.g.
–
Ramesh’s
father is an engineer.
By using ‘of’ – Of is used both for living and non-living things.
e.g.
–
The
father of Rahim is an engineer.
The
bell of the bicycle is new.
2.
The possessive of plural nouns
is formed by using only apostrophe (‘).
e.g. –
the boys’ school
the girls’ dressess
3.
The possessive of irregular
plural nouns is formed by using apostrophe s.
e.g. –
the children’s toys
4.
Apostrophe s is used in three cases
even for non-living things.
·
Sentence related to time
e.g. –
one day’s absence
·
Sentence related to distance
e.g. –
one mile’s length
·
Sentence related to weight
e.g. –
one kilo’s weight
Vocative case –
The case which denotes an object of address.
e.g.
–
Sohan,
go there.
Rakesh,
look at the black-board.
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